Now, in a new interview with Crux, Nicolas Senèze, (pictured) author of said book and Rome correspondent for the French Catholic newspaper La Croix, unpacks why he believes a small minority of American Catholics have been influential in trying to shape the narrative around Francis's reforms.

In How America Wanted to Change the Pope, released earlier this month — though yet to be translated into English — Senèze examines the whirlwind events of the last year following former papal representative to the U.S., Archbishop Carlo Maria Viganò's, public calls for Francis to resign over his handling of the abuse crisis.

While Francis initially chose silence in the face of those charges — telling journalists to do their homework to examine Viganò's claims — in an informal conversation with Senèze while traveling to Africa this month, he said that he considers it "an honor that Americans are attacking me."

Senèze tells Crux that he believes the pope is speaking out now to resist the "powerful minority" that could lead the Church into schism.

Do you believe the resistance to Francis in the United States is stronger than in any other country?

I am not sure that the opposition to Francis is stronger in the United States than elsewhere.

Pope Francis still retains the confidence of a majority of U.S. Catholics, even if it is in decline, mainly because of a powerful campaign to tarnish his image.

The minority opposed to Francis in U.S. Catholicism has a large power: They have a lot of money and powerful media, they control part of the episcopate and, until Francis, were able to dictate the conduct at the Vatican.

How would you characterize the situation in your home country of France?

In France, too, the influence of American Catholic media that is hostile to the pope can be felt, but I must recognize that it remains limited to restricted circles.

French Catholicism is very different, first because it has never known the minority situation of the United States.

If today, Catholic practitioners are a minority in France, a majority of French people still define themselves as Catholics.

The issue today is the question of identity in a context where the French themselves are wondering what the French identity is.

For Catholics, this corresponds with the arrival of a pope who, unlike his predecessors, is not steeped in French culture.

With Francis, France — like Europe — is learning that it is no longer at the center of the Church, and this presupposes certain challenges.

In addition, there are a number of more cultural than practicing Catholics that are sensitive to an identitarian discourse on Christianity and may, on the contrary, be struck by the demanding words of Pope Francis who calls for going beyond a simple Catholic identity to act in coherence with the Gospel.

How, in your view, has the sex abuse crisis changed or contributed to the resistance to Francis in the U.S.?

It's hard not to see how the sex abuse crisis deeply changed American Catholicism!

It changed the way in which clerics are perceived and questioned the way in which they managed the Church, allowed the emergence of the laity.

The problem is that the laity who took power in some U.S. dioceses only perpetuated the clerical model and imposed a very moralistic vision of the Church.

In a purely moral approach to sex abuse, these American Catholics found themselves very well in the "zero tolerance" advocated by Benedict XVI.

But Francis understood that zero tolerance, if it is indispensable, is not enough: It is not enough to punish the abusers when they have committed their crime.

The Church has to act to avoid abuses and to eradicate its causes.

It is the fight that leads Francis against the culture of abuse and the system of cover-up that allows it to continue.

Francis's struggle against clericalism fundamentally questions the whole vision of the Church defended by these laypeople.

Among them, things could only end badly, especially since Francis also hurts them by his denunciation of the excesses of capitalism, his condemnation of the death penalty, or talking with Cuba or China. Continue reading

• Image: la Croix

Commenting on a new book ("How America Wants to Change the Pope") that he's heard of but has not yet read, Francis acknowledged the US Catholic Church's conservative right-wing's growing opposition to him.

In the book, author Nicholas Seneze charts the fierce criticism some American conservatives have for Francis.

To them, Francis's outreach to migrants and China is an anathema, as are his denunciation of free-market capitalism, his environmental concerns and his relaxation of church rules on the death penalty and sacraments for civilly remarried Catholics.

Some opponents have accused Francis of heresy.

Seneze describes the network of conservative commentators, political operatives, theologians and churchmen who have harried Francis, often through well-funded Catholic news outlets and foundations.

They include Cardinal Raymond Burke, whom Francis ousted as a Vatican supreme court justice, and former White House adviser Steve Bannon.

Seneze claims well-funded, right-wing Catholic media also express their disapproval loudly.

In addition, he says wealthy Catholics are funding initiatives to discredit Francis's allies.

Their aim is to elect a conservative, doctrine-minded churchman as the next pope.

Seneze says he wanted the book to show the way Francis responded to the problems with the US church with "spiritual weapons."

"For me, it's an honour if the Americans attack me," Francis quipped. As he handed the book to an aide, the pope added "This is a bombshell."

Vatican spokesman Matteo Bruni sought to clarify the pope's comments afterward, stressing they came in an "informal context" and that Francis always welcomes criticism.

Francis's remarks about America were made yesterday at press conference during his flight to "the peripheries", where he is undertaking a three-nation tour of sub-Saharan Africa: Mozambique, Madagascar and Mauritius.

Source

• AP
• Reuters
• Image: National Catholic Reporter